Back to abstracts
Back to abstracts
ABSTRACT
Background
Lung cancer is a common and lethal disease affecting the South African, and global community. It is imperative to highlight the histological diversity of lung tumours, aiding in personalized care of patients. This study aims to identify the prevalence, subtypes and demographic trends of primary lung carcinomas diagnosed.
Method
A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using archived data over 9 years. Data analysis using SPSS version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY: USA). Association between groups used student ttest/Mann Whitney and Chi-square test/Fisher Exact tests.
Result
Of 102 cases of primary lung carcinoma included, the male population comprised the majority of both leading identified subtypes of ADC and SCC, 70.91% and 81.58% respectively. A mean age of 58.95 years was calculated, including mean male age of 58.93 years (range 15-82 years) and mean female age of 59 years (range 29-87 years). 53.92% (n=55) cases were adenocarcinoma (ADC), surpassing 37.25% of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n=38). TTF-1 showed a positivity rate of 97.91% in ADC and 100% with p63 in SCC diagnosis.
Conclusion
Primary lung carcinoma was most seen in males. The most common identified tumour overall was ADC and least was undifferentiated carcinoma. The mean age range for both male and female was in the sixth decade. The predominant incidence of ADC can be attributed to the increased use of immunohistochemistry in diagnosis allowing for more accurate subtype classification, and tobacco control programs highlighting lifestyle influences.